Death of Tolstoy

Leo Tostes died of pneumonia at the age of 88 on November 7, 1910, in the Russian village of Astopovo. He left the family home on October 28 at midnight, walking his wife of forty-eight years, a long and growing patience. He wrote in a humorous explanation that he had left her: "I do what the old people of my age often do, leaving this life on earth to spend the last days of his life alone. And be quiet. "

In fact, in “the last days,” there are few. Whatever Tollston's plans were for the future (we can guess about them), they interrupted her as soon as she fell ill on the train and forced them to reach Astapovo, where the station chief had been. Give him a chance to use his home. And of course, loneliness or silence is very small. His death became one of the first international media outlets. Not only are his hundreds of supporters (and emerging government spies) attracted to a small station, but also a group of Pathe Nevs shooters trying to capture the last big man in the film and you Carry information from around the world that always tells a false story to their authors. . A few days before his death, he told the New York Times: "Tollstone is better ... The number is very weak, but doctors say there is no immediate danger." One of the most striking images of the camera is Sonia looking out of the window of a sick man's room. She drove to Astapova as soon as she got sick of his illness, but friends who watched him would not let her go to Tolstoy at the point of death.

This drama at the train station came more than thirty years after Thomas Styles wrote his novel, The War and Peace, which ended in 1869 and Anna Karenina ended in 1877. . Political chaos and ethics and status as a visionary, a reformer, a moralist, and a philosopher than his literary genius. A vegetarian, pacifist and enemy of private property, he was a constant critic of the Russian imperialist regime (hence the spies of the government who massacred the masses in Astapov) and the Russian Orthodox Church in the last decade. The aftermath of his long life. He adhered to the Christian model based entirely on the teachings of Jesus, rejecting the principles of Orthodoxy (hence his expulsion by the church authorities in 1901). And he's a fan of the poor Russian. He started a social security program, including a kitchen and a budget school. In a gesture of solidarity with the poor, he renounced his nobility ("Count" Leviathany) and dressed in casual peasant clothing - though neither the millennial nor the eyewitnesses saw him as a real worker. Sure.

It is reasonable that his last days were noted around the world, because throughout his lifetime, but especially since the late 1870s, death was another of Stevie's. He went through an unusual death and death, even for the man of his day. As a soldier in 1854-55, he witnessed the death of the Crimean War, and he spoke vividly of the tragic death of his brother Dmitri in tuberculosis in 1856 and the terrible appearance - And the voice of one man globalized in Paris in 1857 (experience made him a credible opponent. Interest capitalization). Of his 13 children with Sonia, at least five died 10 years ago. But in his writings he goes through the horrors of death to answer the great question that the inevitability of death poses to our own lives: if we die, what is the meaning of living? ? His most notable reflections on the subject are in "The Death of Ivan Ilich" and in the biography "Confession." Both were written after Tolstoy's execution of Anna Karenina: Noelle began in 1882 and ended in 1886. The memorial was completed in 1882, but was threatened by Russian censorship efforts and was unofficially distributed until the Russian publication in Geneva in 1884. Both of these are powerful reminiscences of Tolstoy's work, which is interesting even when he turns to the great Russian novels. Which made him an important opponent for glory. And to give him back, which he must have had: "Abominations that no longer exist for me," was Anna Karenina's description of the early 1880s.


The death of Ivan Ilyich, as his name is, is about the last few months of a man: a wealthy, successful Russian middle-aged judge. Apparently, minor injuries (it made him fall off a chair, hang a curtain in his new apartment), quickly turn into something bad. Doctors offer diagnoses, medications and assurances, but within a few weeks Ivan Illich may notice he is dying, facing anxiety, humility, isolation, and (Tolstoy's description) the smell. Of his death. For most of his family and colleagues, his death was an embarrassment and an embarrassment. As they usually have life, it is a relief for them not to die alone, but at the same time they are reminded of their death, which was given to them by Death of John Illich. Only a young servant, Graham Sims, with all the peculiar peasant qualities of Thor, could look into the process of dying in the eye and look after his master with true humanity; Behaved shyly by the stool and let the dead man sleep in a position where he could find comfort - with his legs raised, resting on Gerasim's shoulders.

Confession in a completely different style and genre of writing: it's the story from Tolstoy's own spiritual journey, the first from his rejection of his religion as a youth, through the opening of the medieval Orthodox Church to the rejection of His latest on the myths and injustices of established churches (from the Trinity to the Eucharist) using secular teaching. Jesus' own most simple morality. This is seen as evidence of Thomas' spiritual "crisis" following his graduation from Anna Karenina and a pivotal moment in the transition from fiction to politics and philosophy. But it also faces the fear and the inevitability of death. It is in Tolstoy's confession that he talks about his experience of seeing the death penalty in Paris and discussing his predicament about suicide. And he answers some of the most important questions of life and death, underscoring the story of Ivan Ilich: When summed up at one point in his book, "What feels in my life that will never be destroyed. By the death that awaits me inevitably? " "